Multiple crewmembers and the first spacewalk
The Voskhod rocket extended the R-7 lineage. It launched a heavier spacecraft derived from Vostok, adapted for new human-spaceflight demonstrations.
A more powerful upper stage increased the mass that could reach orbit. The rocket family began flying in 1963, before the two crewed Voskhod missions.
Voskhod 1 carried three men in 1964. Voskhod 2 received an inflatable airlock: in March 1965, Alexei Leonov left the spacecraft and performed the first spacewalk.
Selected representative missions; crew names belong to the flight shown.
The first spaceflight with a three-person crew, inside an exceptionally cramped cabin.
Leonov performed the first extravehicular activity while Belyayev remained aboard the spacecraft.
Dates follow the days reported by the source agencies, generally in local time; the UTC day can differ. Crews belong to the selected missions, not every flight in the family.
The flights helped establish multiple-person crews and extravehicular activity, both essential to later space stations.
First flight or first test of the family, including unsuccessful or suborbital attempts.
