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The deep-sky atlas

110 objects.
As many discoveries.

Galaxies, clusters and nebulae: explore the Messier catalogue with photographs, data and advice from volume II.

110 illustrated fact sheets35 constellationsFree access
The Andromeda Galaxy, M31
M31 · Brody Wesner · CC0 · Source and credits

110 objects out of 110

How to read the fact sheets ↓
Crab NebulaM1
Supernova remnant

Crab Nebula

Taurus

Mag. ≈ 8,4Difficulty 3/5
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NGC 7089M2
Globular cluster

NGC 7089

Aquarius

Mag. 6,5Difficulty 2/5
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NGC 5272M3
Globular cluster

NGC 5272

Canes Venatici

Mag. 6,4Difficulty 2/5
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NGC 6121M4
Globular cluster

NGC 6121

Scorpius

Mag. 5,9Difficulty 3/5
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NGC 5904M5
Globular cluster

NGC 5904

Serpens

Mag. 5,8Difficulty 2/5
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Butterfly ClusterM6
Open cluster

Butterfly Cluster

Scorpius

Mag. 4,2Difficulty 5/5
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Ptolemy's ClusterM7
Open cluster

Ptolemy's Cluster

Scorpius

Mag. 3,3Difficulty 5/5
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Lagoon NebulaM8
Diffuse nebula

Lagoon Nebula

Sagittarius

Mag. ≈ 5,8Difficulty 3/5
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NGC 6333M9
Globular cluster

NGC 6333

Ophiuchus

Mag. ≈ 7,9Difficulty 4/5
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NGC 6254M10
Globular cluster

NGC 6254

Ophiuchus

Mag. 6,6Difficulty 3/5
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Wild Duck ClusterM11
Open cluster

Wild Duck Cluster

Scutum

Mag. 5,8Difficulty 2/5
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NGC 6218M12
Globular cluster

NGC 6218

Ophiuchus

Mag. 6,6Difficulty 3/5
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Great Hercules ClusterM13
Globular cluster

Great Hercules Cluster

Hercules

Mag. 5,9Difficulty 1/5
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NGC 6402M14
Globular cluster

NGC 6402

Ophiuchus

Mag. 7,6Difficulty 3/5
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NGC 7078M15
Globular cluster

NGC 7078

Pegasus

Mag. 6,4Difficulty 2/5
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Eagle Nebula and its clusterM16
Open cluster

Eagle Nebula and its cluster

Serpens

Mag. 6Difficulty 3/5
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Omega NebulaM17
Diffuse nebula

Omega Nebula

Sagittarius

Mag. ≈ 7Difficulty 3/5
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NGC 6613M18
Open cluster

NGC 6613

Sagittarius

Mag. 6,9Difficulty 3/5
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NGC 6273M19
Globular cluster

NGC 6273

Ophiuchus

Mag. 7,2Difficulty 4/5
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Trifid NebulaM20
Diffuse nebula

Trifid Nebula

Sagittarius

Mag. ≈ 8,5Difficulty 4/5
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NGC 6531M21
Open cluster

NGC 6531

Sagittarius

Mag. 5,9Difficulty 3/5
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NGC 6656M22
Globular cluster

NGC 6656

Sagittarius

Mag. 5,1Difficulty 3/5
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NGC 6494M23
Open cluster

NGC 6494

Sagittarius

Mag. 5,5Difficulty 3/5
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Small Sagittarius Star CloudM24
Star cloud

Small Sagittarius Star Cloud

Sagittarius

Mag. ≈ 4,5Difficulty 3/5
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IC4725M25
Open cluster

IC4725

Sagittarius

Mag. 4,6Difficulty 3/5
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NGC 6694M26
Open cluster

NGC 6694

Scutum

Mag. 8Difficulty 3/5
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Dumbbell NebulaM27
Planetary nebula

Dumbbell Nebula

Vulpecula

Mag. ≈ 8,1Difficulty 2/5
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NGC 6626M28
Globular cluster

NGC 6626

Sagittarius

Mag. ≈ 6,9Difficulty 4/5
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NGC 6913M29
Open cluster

NGC 6913

Cygnus

Mag. 6,6Difficulty 2/5
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NGC 7099M30
Globular cluster

NGC 7099

Capricornus

Mag. 7,5Difficulty 4/5
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Andromeda GalaxyM31
Galaxy

Andromeda Galaxy

Andromeda

Mag. 3,4Difficulty 1/5
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NGC 221M32
Galaxy

NGC 221

Andromeda

Mag. 8,2Difficulty 2/5
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Triangulum GalaxyM33
Galaxy

Triangulum Galaxy

Triangulum

Mag. 5,7Difficulty 4/5
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NGC 1039M34
Open cluster

NGC 1039

Perseus

Mag. 5,2Difficulty 2/5
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NGC 2168M35
Open cluster

NGC 2168

Gemini

Mag. 5,1Difficulty 2/5
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NGC 1960M36
Open cluster

NGC 1960

Auriga

Mag. 6Difficulty 2/5
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NGC 2099M37
Open cluster

NGC 2099

Auriga

Mag. 5,6Difficulty 2/5
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NGC 1912M38
Open cluster

NGC 1912

Auriga

Mag. 6,4Difficulty 2/5
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NGC 7092M39
Open cluster

NGC 7092

Cygnus

Mag. 4,6Difficulty 2/5
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Winnecke 4 double starM40
Optical double

Winnecke 4 double star

Ursa Major

Mag. ≈ 9,1Difficulty 3/5
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NGC 2287M41
Open cluster

NGC 2287

Canis Major

Mag. 4,5Difficulty 2/5
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Great Orion NebulaM42
Diffuse nebula

Great Orion Nebula

Orion

Mag. ≈ 4Difficulty 1/5
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De Mairan's NebulaM43
Diffuse nebula

De Mairan's Nebula

Orion

Mag. ≈ 9Difficulty 3/5
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Beehive ClusterM44
Open cluster

Beehive Cluster

Cancer

Mag. 3,1Difficulty 1/5
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The PleiadesM45
Open cluster

The Pleiades

Taurus

Mag. 1,2Difficulty 1/5
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NGC 2437M46
Open cluster

NGC 2437

Puppis

Mag. 6,1Difficulty 3/5
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NGC 2422M47
Open cluster

NGC 2422

Puppis

Mag. 4,4Difficulty 2/5
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NGC 2548M48
Open cluster

NGC 2548

Hydra

Mag. 5,8Difficulty 2/5
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NGC 4472M49
Galaxy

NGC 4472

Virgo

Mag. 8,4Difficulty 3/5
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NGC 2323M50
Open cluster

NGC 2323

Monoceros

Mag. 5,9Difficulty 2/5
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Whirlpool GalaxyM51
Galaxy

Whirlpool Galaxy

Canes Venatici

Mag. 8,1Difficulty 3/5
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NGC 7654M52
Open cluster

NGC 7654

Cassiopeia

Mag. 6,9Difficulty 3/5
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NGC 5024M53
Globular cluster

NGC 5024

Coma Berenices

Mag. 7,7Difficulty 3/5
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NGC 6715M54
Globular cluster

NGC 6715

Sagittarius

Mag. 7,7Difficulty 4/5
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NGC 6809M55
Globular cluster

NGC 6809

Sagittarius

Mag. 7Difficulty 5/5
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NGC 6779M56
Globular cluster

NGC 6779

Lyra

Mag. 8,2Difficulty 3/5
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Ring NebulaM57
Planetary nebula

Ring Nebula

Lyra

Mag. ≈ 9Difficulty 2/5
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NGC 4579M58
Galaxy

NGC 4579

Virgo

Mag. 9,8Difficulty 4/5
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NGC 4621M59
Galaxy

NGC 4621

Virgo

Mag. 9,8Difficulty 4/5
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NGC 4649M60
Galaxy

NGC 4649

Virgo

Mag. 8,8Difficulty 3/5
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NGC 4303M61
Galaxy

NGC 4303

Virgo

Mag. 9,7Difficulty 4/5
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NGC 6266M62
Globular cluster

NGC 6266

Ophiuchus

Mag. 6,6Difficulty 4/5
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Sunflower GalaxyM63
Galaxy

Sunflower Galaxy

Canes Venatici

Mag. 8,6Difficulty 3/5
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Black Eye GalaxyM64
Galaxy

Black Eye Galaxy

Coma Berenices

Mag. 8,5Difficulty 3/5
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NGC 3623M65
Galaxy

NGC 3623

Leo

Mag. 9,3Difficulty 3/5
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NGC 3627M66
Galaxy

NGC 3627

Leo

Mag. 9Difficulty 3/5
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NGC 2682M67
Open cluster

NGC 2682

Cancer

Mag. 6,9Difficulty 3/5
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NGC 4590M68
Globular cluster

NGC 4590

Hydra

Mag. 8,2Difficulty 4/5
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NGC 6637M69
Globular cluster

NGC 6637

Sagittarius

Mag. 7,7Difficulty 5/5
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NGC 6681M70
Globular cluster

NGC 6681

Sagittarius

Mag. 8,1Difficulty 5/5
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NGC 6838M71
Globular cluster

NGC 6838

Sagitta

Mag. 8,3Difficulty 3/5
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NGC 6981M72
Globular cluster

NGC 6981

Aquarius

Mag. 9,4Difficulty 4/5
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Four-star asterismM73
Asterism

Four-star asterism

Aquarius

Mag. —Difficulty 3/5
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NGC 628M74
Galaxy

NGC 628

Pisces

Mag. 9,2Difficulty 5/5
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NGC 6864M75
Globular cluster

NGC 6864

Sagittarius

Mag. 8,6Difficulty 4/5
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Little Dumbbell NebulaM76
Planetary nebula

Little Dumbbell Nebula

Perseus

Mag. ≈ 11,5Difficulty 4/5
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NGC 1068M77
Galaxy

NGC 1068

Cetus

Mag. 8,8Difficulty 3/5
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NGC 2068M78
Diffuse nebula

NGC 2068

Orion

Mag. ≈ 8Difficulty 4/5
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NGC 1904M79
Globular cluster

NGC 1904

Lepus

Mag. 8Difficulty 4/5
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NGC 6093M80
Globular cluster

NGC 6093

Scorpius

Mag. 7,2Difficulty 4/5
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Bode's GalaxyM81
Galaxy

Bode's Galaxy

Ursa Major

Mag. 6,8Difficulty 2/5
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Cigar GalaxyM82
Galaxy

Cigar Galaxy

Ursa Major

Mag. 8,4Difficulty 2/5
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Southern Pinwheel GalaxyM83
Galaxy

Southern Pinwheel Galaxy

Hydra

Mag. ≈ 7,6Difficulty 5/5
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NGC 4374M84
Galaxy

NGC 4374

Virgo

Mag. 9,3Difficulty 4/5
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NGC 4382M85
Galaxy

NGC 4382

Coma Berenices

Mag. 9,2Difficulty 3/5
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NGC 4406M86
Galaxy

NGC 4406

Virgo

Mag. 9,2Difficulty 3/5
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NGC 4486M87
Galaxy

NGC 4486

Virgo

Mag. 8,6Difficulty 3/5
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NGC 4501M88
Galaxy

NGC 4501

Coma Berenices

Mag. 9,5Difficulty 4/5
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NGC 4552M89
Galaxy

NGC 4552

Virgo

Mag. 9,8Difficulty 4/5
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NGC 4569M90
Galaxy

NGC 4569

Virgo

Mag. 9,5Difficulty 4/5
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NGC 4548M91
Galaxy

NGC 4548

Coma Berenices

Mag. 10,2Difficulty 5/5
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NGC 6341M92
Globular cluster

NGC 6341

Hercules

Mag. 6,5Difficulty 2/5
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NGC 2447M93
Open cluster

NGC 2447

Puppis

Mag. ≈ 6,2Difficulty 3/5
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NGC 4736M94
Galaxy

NGC 4736

Canes Venatici

Mag. 8,1Difficulty 3/5
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NGC 3351M95
Galaxy

NGC 3351

Leo

Mag. 9,7Difficulty 4/5
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NGC 3368M96
Galaxy

NGC 3368

Leo

Mag. 9,2Difficulty 3/5
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Owl NebulaM97
Planetary nebula

Owl Nebula

Ursa Major

Mag. ≈ 9,9Difficulty 4/5
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NGC 4192M98
Galaxy

NGC 4192

Coma Berenices

Mag. 10,1Difficulty 5/5
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NGC 4254M99
Galaxy

NGC 4254

Coma Berenices

Mag. 9,8Difficulty 4/5
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NGC 4321M100
Galaxy

NGC 4321

Coma Berenices

Mag. 9,4Difficulty 4/5
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Pinwheel GalaxyM101
Galaxy

Pinwheel Galaxy

Ursa Major

Mag. 7,7Difficulty 5/5
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NGC 5866M102
Galaxy

NGC 5866

Draco

Mag. 9,89Difficulty 4/5
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NGC 581M103
Open cluster

NGC 581

Cassiopeia

Mag. ≈ 7,4Difficulty 2/5
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Sombrero GalaxyM104
Galaxy

Sombrero Galaxy

Virgo

Mag. 8,3Difficulty 3/5
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NGC 3379M105
Galaxy

NGC 3379

Leo

Mag. 9,3Difficulty 3/5
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NGC 4258M106
Galaxy

NGC 4258

Canes Venatici

Mag. 8,3Difficulty 3/5
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NGC 6171M107
Globular cluster

NGC 6171

Ophiuchus

Mag. 8,1Difficulty 4/5
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NGC 3556M108
Galaxy

NGC 3556

Ursa Major

Mag. 10Difficulty 4/5
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NGC 3992M109
Galaxy

NGC 3992

Ursa Major

Mag. 9,8Difficulty 4/5
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NGC 205M110
Elliptical galaxy

NGC 205

Andromeda

Mag. 8Difficulty 4/5
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A catalogue to observe at your own pace.

Photographs and the view through a telescope

Images may show partial fields or composite colours. Through an eyepiece, diffuse objects are often fainter and less detailed.

Magnitude and difficulty

Magnitude measures integrated brightness, not ease of detection. An extended galaxy can be difficult despite a favourable magnitude. The difficulty rating is the one proposed in the book for Luxembourg.

Reference information, rather than a live sky

J2000 coordinates are rounded. Distances are indicative; the current date, time, weather and visibility are not calculated here.

Fact sheets from Steve Cimolino’s volume II (17 October 2026). M102 is associated with NGC 5866 by convention, with a historical note. View all 110 photograph credits and sources →

Discover volume II